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了解儿童生理、心理特点是家庭教育的基础。儿童与成人不一样,儿童有他们自己特有的生理心理特征,这就决定了施行家教时要讲究与成人不同的方式方法,不能把用于成人的一套方法搬来用在儿童身上。为此,陈鹤琴概括了儿童的八个特点:
Understanding children’s physical and psychological characteristics is the basis of family education. Children are different from adults. Children have their own unique physiological and psychological characteristics. This determines the ways and means different from adults when practicing tutoring. Children should not be moved to a set of methods for adults. To this end, Chen Heqin summarized eight characteristics of children: