论述了向列相液晶分子取向有序度的评价方法以及与宏观物理张量之间的关系， 阐述了椭圆偏光解析法测量分子取向有序度的原理，并应用在基板表面液晶界面层中的测量。实验结果表明， 即使是在强摩擦条件下基板表面附近 ５０ｎｍ 厚的液晶层中，分子取向有序度低于液晶体内部的值。讨论了实验误差， 确认了这一结果的合理性， 为澄清液晶取向排列原动力模型提供了实验依据。 The evaluation method of orientation degree of nematic liquid crystal molecules and its relationship with the macroscopic physical tensor are discussed. The principle of measuring the degree of molecular orientation by ellipsometry is expounded and applied to the liquid crystal interface layer measuring. Experimental results show that, even in a 50 nm thick liquid crystal layer near the substrate surface under strong rubbing conditions, the ordering degree of molecular orientation is lower than the value inside the liquid crystal. The experimental error was discussed, the rationality of this result was confirmed, which provided an experimental basis for clarification of the driving force model of liquid crystal alignment.