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近年来,光学晶体得到了广泛的应用,许多最新开拓的光学领域都涉及到晶体的一些特殊的性质。随之而来,在光学系统中使用晶体光学元件的情况愈来愈多。因此,晶体中的光路计算问题成了一个很突出的问题。我们知道,晶体是各向异性物质(部分各向同性晶体除外),光从空气射入晶体中与射入玻璃等各向同性物质中不同,前者要发生双折射。对单轴晶体而言,双折射之一的寻常光(o 光)遵守普通的折射定律,因此它的光路计算与在各向同性物质中的计算无异。而双折射的另一支光——非常光(e 光),不遵守普通的折射定律,它的计算一般比较复杂。
In recent years, the optical crystal has been widely used, many of the newly developed optical fields are related to the crystal of some special properties. As a result, the use of crystalline optical elements in optical systems has been increasing. Therefore, the calculation of the optical path in the crystal becomes a very prominent issue. We know that the crystal is an anisotropic material (except for some isotropic crystals), the light from the air into the crystal and into the glass and other isotropic material is different from the former to birefringence. For uniaxial crystals, one of the birefringences of ordinary light (o-light) obeys the ordinary law of refraction, so its optical path computation is no different than in an isotropic material. The other light birefringence - very light (e light), does not comply with the ordinary law of refraction, its calculation is generally more complicated.