十月革命胜利之后,世界上第一个社会主义国家苏联诞生了。此后在经济学界,爆发了一场关于社会主义的大讨论。这场大讨论绵延数十年,内容主要集中在社会主义计划经济制度的可行性以及它同资本主义市场经济制度孰优孰劣等问题上。论战的一方,是奥地利学派、伦敦学派的米塞斯、哈耶克和罗宾斯,他们认为社会主义与中央计划无法取代私有制与自由市场所起的经济作用,力图从理论上否定社会主义计划经济;而另一 After the victory of the October Revolution, the Soviet Union, the first socialist country in the world, was born. Since then, a big discussion on socialism broke out in the field of economics. The debate lasted for several decades and its content mainly focused on the feasibility of the planned economic system of the socialist economy and on the issues of its superiority to the capitalist market economy. One of the polemics was the Miesse, Hayek, and Robbins of the Austrian school and the London School. They considered that socialism and the central plan could not replace the economic role played by the private sector and the free market and sought to theoretically deny the socialist plan Economy; and the other