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为了解决林木蛀干害虫早期监测困难的问题,利用自主研建的声音侦听系统采集并分析了云杉大墨天牛幼虫、双条杉天牛幼虫、柏肤小蠹成虫、褐梗天牛幼虫、光肩星天牛幼虫和星天牛幼虫和黄斑星天牛幼虫等7种林木蛀干害虫的声音。结果表明:7种害虫蛀食声均由离散的声脉冲组成,单个声脉冲时域图的波形前大后小,并快速出现一个最大振幅,波形变化不规则。频域图则呈锯齿状,均有一个主峰频率。声脉冲持续时间低于50.0 ms,主频低于8.0 k Hz,脉冲间隔时间无明显规律。时频数值经聚类分析后,同属害虫间相似性高,相同寄主的害虫也表现出一定相关性。该研究证明了所构建声音侦听系统的实用性,扩充了林木蛀干害虫的声音数据库,发现了害虫声音特征的一些基本规律。
In order to solve the problem of early monitoring of wood borer pests, we collected and analyzed the larvae of Spruce (Picea obliquus), larvae of Cydia pomonella, Larvae, Anoplophora glabripennis larvae, aspen larvae and Asclepiad larvae and other 7 species of wood borers pests sound. The results showed that all the seven species of pest insects were composed of discrete acoustic pulses. The waveform of the single acoustic pulse time-domain was small before and after it, and a maximum amplitude rapidly appeared and the waveform changed irregularly. The frequency domain is jagged, have a main peak frequency. Acoustic pulse duration of less than 50.0 ms, the main frequency of less than 8.0 k Hz, no obvious regular pulse interval. After clustering analysis of time-frequency values, the similarity between the same pests is high, and the pests of the same host also show a certain correlation. The research proves the practicability of the constructed sound monitoring system, expands the sound database of wood borer pests, and finds out some basic rules of the sound characteristics of pests.