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针对中国南方一些省份的大豆创新种植模式如玉米间套作大豆,果、茶园间作大豆及田埂豆等缺少配套收获机具这一问题,研究设计了一种手扶式微型大豆割晒机。文章首先介绍其结构组成、功能特点及作业原理。其次,利用LS/DYNA模拟了回转切割器切割大豆秸秆的作业过程,并以回转切割器的行进速度、角速度及倾角为试验因素,切割能耗为试验指标,进行3因素3水平虚拟正交作业参数优化试验,结果表明:刀盘倾角为极显著影响,角速度为显著影响,作业速度无影响;切割器最优参数为作业速度1 m·s~(-1),角速度80 rad·s~(-1),刀盘倾角20°时,切削能耗最低为2.27 J,并进行了仿真验证。再次,对机具的其它关键部件传动系统、割茬高度调节装置及行走装置进行了设计。最后,选用4G-1.8型大豆割晒机为参照,对微型大豆割晒机进行了田间性能对比试验,结果表明机具可顺利进行大豆收割铺放作业,试验指标收获损失及损失率标准差均低于对照机具,这表明微型大豆割晒机具有相对较佳的作业性能及作业稳定性。
Aiming at the problem of lack of supporting harvesters such as soybeans and fruit intercropped with soybeans, fruit and tea plantations in some provinces of southern China such as corn intercropping, the research and design of a hand-held miniature soybean windrower was carried out. The article first introduces its structure, function characteristics and operating principle. Secondly, LS / DYNA was used to simulate the operation process of rotary cutter for cutting soybean straw. The cutting speed, angular velocity and inclination of the rotary cutter were used as the experimental factors, and the cutting energy consumption was used as the experimental index to carry out 3-level 3-level virtual orthogonal operation The results show that the cutterhead inclination is extremely significant, the angular velocity is a significant influence and the working speed has no influence. The optimum parameters of the cutter are working speed 1 m · s -1, angular velocity 80 rad · s ~ ( -1). When the cutterhead inclination is 20 °, the minimum cutting energy consumption is 2.27 J, and simulation verification is carried out. Thirdly, the design of the other key components of the implement, the cutting height adjustment device and the walking device was designed. Finally, using 4G-1.8 Soybean Windrower as a reference, the micro-soybean windrower was field performance comparison test, the results show that the machine can successfully harvest and lay the operation of soybean, the loss of the experimental indicators and the standard deviation of the loss rate are low In comparison to the implement, this indicates that the micro-soy windrower has relatively good workability and job stability.