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确定马铃薯窖储主要真菌病害马铃薯干腐病的致病菌株,为科学防治提供依据。从黑龙江省哈尔滨地区具有典型马铃薯干腐病症状的薯块中分离获得了2个镰刀菌菌株,通过生物学特征、致病性测定和ITS序列分析进行鉴定。根据测定菌株的生长速度、菌丝形状、菌落色泽、基物表面色泽等初步确定2个致病菌株为黄色镰刀菌(F.culmorum)和燕麦镰刀菌(F.avenaceum),两菌株对离体块茎的致病率分别为41.05%和72.20%。2个菌株的ITS序列与GeneBank中的黄色镰刀菌和燕麦镰刀菌的完全一致,相似度均达到100%,也验证了依据传统特征的鉴定结果。明确了黄色镰刀菌为我国马铃薯干腐病的致病菌。
To determine the main fungal diseases of potato cellar storage of potato dry rot pathogenic strains, to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Two Fusarium strains were isolated from potato tubers with typical symptoms of potato rot in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province and identified by biological characteristics, pathogenicity test and ITS sequence analysis. The two pathogenic strains were F.culmorum and F.avenaceum according to the growth rate of the tested strains, the shape of mycelium, the colony color and the surface color of the substrate. The morbidity of tubers were 41.05% and 72.20% respectively. The ITS sequences of the two isolates were identical to those of Fusarium yellow and Fusarium oxysporum in GeneBank, and the similarities were all 100%. The results of the identification based on traditional characteristics were also validated. Clear Fusarium yellow fungus for our dry pathogen.