准备参加1984年奥林匹克运动会的美国举重运动员正在训练中心接受宾州大学运动心理学家迈克尔·马奥尼安排的举重训练——有意识地让运动员处于观众大嚷大叫的极不文明的环境中进行训练,并让摄影师们拿着照相机,对着运动员的眼睛连连闪光照相,还用录相机把运动员作出的种种反应全部录下来。人们普遍认为,运动员在精神上放松,并感觉到自己的这种状态时,他们的比赛往往发挥较好。心理学家安排以上训练环境的目的,在于测定运动员能否在奥运会这种大型比赛的压力下获得良好的竞技状态。同 American weightlifters preparing for the 1984 Olympics are training at the training center to take exercise weights by Michael Maoney, a sports psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, consciously placing athletes in an extremely uncivilized environment where spectators shout Training, and let the photographers holding a camera, against the eyes of athletes flash camera, but also with a video camera to record all the reactions of athletes. It is generally accepted that athletes tend to play better when they mentally relax and feel their state. The purpose of the psychologists’ arrangement of the above training environment is to determine whether an athlete can obtain a good competitive state under the pressure of a large-scale Olympic Games. with