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滑坡易发性评价是一个涉及多种因素、多个目标的复杂问题,一些关键性指标数据不易采集,量化方面也存在尺度不一、标准不同的现象。本次研究采用改进的AHP法,建立滑坡灾害易发性评价矩阵;通过改进的TOPSIS法,引入卡方检验思想,研究了贵州毕节地区的滑坡灾害易发性,比较8个评价单元与最优方案(最易发等级)的贴近度,编制了该地滑坡灾害易发性等级图。研究结果显示,滑坡灾害极易发区包括毕节市(C毕节=0.110 8)、纳雍县(C纳雍=0.124 2);高易发区包括赫章县(C赫章=0.097 2)、黔西县(C黔西=0.077 6);中易发区包括织金县(C织金=0.041 9)、大方县(C大方=0.034 4)和金沙县(C金沙=0.055 7);低易发区为威宁县(C威宁=0.027 1)。研究结果与历史灾害统计数据较为吻合;将AHP和TOP-SIS法组合应用于滑坡灾害易发性评价属于新的尝试,与传统算法相比,该组合法计算更加简便,评价结果较为准确。
The evaluation of landslide susceptibility is a complex issue involving many factors and multiple objectives. Some key indicators are not easy to collect and the quantified aspects also have different scales and different standards. In this study, an improved AHP method was used to establish a susceptibility assessment matrix of landslide hazards. The improved TOPSIS method was used to introduce the chi-square test to study the vulnerability of landslide hazards in Bijie area of Guizhou province. Eight evaluation units were compared with the optimal Program (the most vulnerable level) close to the preparation of the landslide hazard proneness map. The results show that the landslide prone areas include Bijie (C = 0.1108) and Nayong (C: Nayong = 0.124 2); the high-prone areas include Hezhang (C = 0.097 2), Qianxi (C Qianxi = 0.077 6); Zhongyi prone area includes Zhijin County (C Zhijin = 0.041 9), Dafang County (C Dafang = 0.034 4) and Jinsha County (C Sands = 0.055 7) The district is Weining County (C Weining = 0.027 1). The results of the study are in good agreement with the statistics data of historical disasters. Applying the combination of AHP and TOP-SIS method to evaluate the susceptibility of landslide disaster is a new attempt. Compared with the traditional algorithm, the combination method is more simple and the evaluation result is more accurate.