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一、鱼牛现象:基于自身经验的个性化构想 1.什么是“鱼牛现象”? 有一则欧洲童话:一口不深的井中,住着一条鱼和一只青蛙。那只欧洲的青蛙不是我国成语“井底之蛙”中的青蛙。它除了坐井观天,还经常跳到井外,去看看外面的精彩世界。鱼对此十分羡慕,请求青蛙讲一讲井外的新鲜事物。青蛙讲到牛,说,“牛真是一种奇怪的动物,头上长着两只角,肚子的下面长着四条腿……”鱼边听边按照自己的经验和理解想象着牛的样子——鱼一样的头、鱼一样的身子和鱼一样的尾巴,头上却长了两只角,肚子的下面长了四条腿……——这就是所谓的“鱼牛”。相应的现象就是建构主义借以阐述核心思想的“鱼牛现象”。
First, the fish phenomenon: Personalized ideas based on their own experience 1. What is the “fish phenomenon?” There is a European fairy tale: an inexhaustible well, live in a fish and a frog. The European frog is not a frog in my idiom “The Frog in the Hole”. In addition to sitting well, it often jump outside the well to see the wonderful world outside. Fish is very envious of this, ask the frog to talk about the well outside the new things. The frog spoke to the cow and said, “The cow is really a weird animal with two horns on his head and four legs under his stomach ...” The fish listened to imagine the cow according to his own experience and understanding - Fish-like head, fish-like body and fish-like tail, but with two horns on his head and four legs under his stomach ... - this is what is called a “fish cow.” The corresponding phenomenon is the “fish and cattle phenomenon” that constructivism uses to expound its core ideas.