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【目的】探讨香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)凋落叶添加到土壤中对小白菜(Brassica chinensis)、莴笋(Lactuca sativa)、茄子(Solanum melongena)生长和抗性生理的影响以及土壤矿质化氮的动态响应。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以单位面积香樟叶年凋落量作为凋落叶的基本添加量,设不添加凋落叶的对照(CK)和3个凋落叶添加水平,即A_1(25 g/盆)、A_2(50 g/盆)、A_3(100 g/盆),每处理重复5次,处理3种作物共计60盆。处理后,定期对植株生长指标(株高、地径)和抗性生理指标(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶)和作物所生长土壤的硝态氮、铵态氮含量进行测定。【结果】香樟凋落叶分解对3种作物的地径、株高均有明显的抑制作用,且有随凋落叶添加量的增加而增强并随分解时间的延长而逐渐减弱的效应;香樟凋落叶分解初期(20~40 d),各水平处理均显著地促进了叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,抑制了过氧化物酶(POD)活性。凋落叶分解到80 d时,各处理CAT、POD、SOD活性的差异明显缩小;加入不同量的香樟凋落叶在一定时间(30~50 d)内大幅降低了土壤矿化氮(硝态氮和铵态氮)含量;不同作物对香樟凋落叶化感作用的敏感程度不同,莴笋最为敏感,其次是小白菜,茄子的耐受性最强,相对更适宜在香樟林间或林缘种植。【结论】香樟凋落叶分解可能降低了土壤氮素的有效性,并对作物造成活性氧伤害,最终限制其生长发育。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of litter of Cinnamomum camphora on the growth and physiological resistance of Brassica chinensis, Lactuca sativa and Solanum melongena as well as the dynamic response of mineralized nitrogen . 【Method】 The pot experiment was conducted to determine the amount of litterfall per unit area for the litterfall. The CK (CK) and litterfall concentration (A 1, 25 g / pot) , A_2 (50 g / pot) and A_3 (100 g / pot), and each treatment was repeated 5 times. After treatment, plant growth index (plant height, diameter) and resistant physiological indexes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) and soil nitrate, ammonium nitrogen Content was measured. 【Result】 The results showed that the decomposition of camphor leaf litter significantly inhibited the ground diameter and plant height of the three crops and increased with the increase of litter leaf decaying time. In the early stage of litter decomposition (20 ~ 40 d), the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the activity of peroxidase (POD) were all significantly enhanced in all treatments. When litter leaf was decomposed to 80 d, the difference of CAT, POD and SOD activity in all treatments was obviously reduced. With the addition of different amount of litter, the content of mineralized nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen And ammonium nitrogen) content. The sensitivity of different crops to the allelopathic effect of camphor tree litter was different, the lettuce was the most sensitive, followed by the cabbage and eggplant were the strongest tolerant, relatively more suitable in camphor forest or forest margin Planting. 【Conclusion】 The decomposition of camphor litter leaves may reduce the availability of soil nitrogen and cause reactive oxygen species damage to crops, ultimately limiting their growth and development.