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在急性放射病早期的病理生理改变中有一组改变具有凝、聚、浓的共同特点,与中医血瘀学说相符。这一组改变包括。(1)微循环障碍,照后早期即见微血管扩张、血流变慢、渗出等改变,并随病程而加重,出现粒摆流、停滞、微血管粗细不均形成微小血池,电子显微镜下可见血管内皮细胞肿张变性突向管腔和管腔闭塞等。微循环障碍在骨髓综合表现为骨髓血红蛋白量明显升高。(2)血液流变性改变,血液粘度增加,红细胞和血小板电泳率降低。(3)细胞聚集性增加,活体观察可见红细胞明显聚集,形成泥沙样血流;浊度法定量测量证明照后早期血小板聚集功能增加。(4)血液浓缩。由于毛细血管通透性亢进,使血浆大量渗出,造成血液浓缩,血红蛋白含量明显增高。大剂量照射事故死亡病例早期血液血红蛋白量可高达16～19g％。(5)早期出血。由于微血管壁障碍发生早期出血。上述改变使血液“泣而不行”、“血气不至”,导致组织细胞缺血缺氧,可继发性引起实质细胞损伤。出血乃离经之血,古人早就指出“离经之血为瘀”。因此,血瘀是放射损伤的一种早期病理征象,又是引起一系列加重损害的重要因素,早期活血化瘀改善血行障碍会有利于放射损伤的修复。近几年来,我们在清朝王清任“益气祛瘀”治疗“气虚血虚”一类病证的启发下,应用中医益气祛瘀?
In the early pathophysiological changes of acute radiation sickness, there is a group of changes with the common characteristics of coagulation, poly and thick, consistent with the blood theory of Chinese medicine. This set of changes includes. (1) Microcirculatory disturbances, such as microvascular dilatation, slowed blood flow, and exudation, are seen early in the photoperiod, and are aggravated by the course of the disease. Pendullary flow, stagnation, and uneven microvascular thickness form a tiny blood pool under the electron microscope. It can be seen that the vascular endothelial cells are swollen and degenerated, and the lumen and lumen are blocked. The microcirculatory disturbance manifested in the bone marrow as a significant increase in the amount of bone marrow hemoglobin. (2) changes in blood rheology, increased blood viscosity, reduced red blood cell and platelet electrophoresis. (3) Increased cell aggregation. Observed by observation of living cells, red blood cells apparently aggregated to form silt-like blood flow; quantitative measurement by turbidity method demonstrated that early platelet aggregation function increased after irradiation. (4) Blood concentration. Due to the hyperpermeability of capillary blood vessels, a large amount of plasma exuded, resulting in blood concentration, hemoglobin content increased significantly. The amount of blood hemoglobin in early stage of high-dose radiation accidents can be as high as 16-19g%. (5) Early bleeding. Early bleeding due to microvascular wall disorders. The above changes make the blood “climb but not go” and “blood gas does not reach”, resulting in ischemia and hypoxia of the tissue cells, which can cause secondary cell damage. Bleeding is the blood from the ancients. The ancients have long pointed out that “the blood from the warfare is evil.” Therefore, blood stasis is an early pathological sign of radiation damage, and it is also an important factor that causes a series of aggravated damage. Early blood circulation and blood stasis improvement of blood disorder will be beneficial to the repair of radiation damage. In recent years, in the Qing Dynasty, Wang Qing was inspired by “Qi Qi” to treat “deficiency of qi deficiency and blood deficiency”.