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目的了解北京市郊区成年居民传染病相关知识的知晓率、行为具有率和技能掌握率,为开展郊区传染病相关健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段系统抽样方法抽取北京市效区5 307名18～59岁成年人作为调查对象,使用自行设计的问卷对其传染病相关的知识水平、行为习惯和技能掌握现状进行调查。结果 “预防流感最有效措施”、“甲肝传播途径”、“乙肝传播途径”、“艾滋病传播途径”和“发热判断标准”的知识知晓率较低,分别为51.4%(2 684/5 221)、43.5%(2 294/5 276)、22.8%(1 212/5 307)、37.7%(1 999/5 307)和34.0%(1 802/5 299);“陪流感样病例去医院戴口罩”、“注射流感疫苗”、“就餐注意餐馆卫生”和“不共用毛巾”的行为具有率较低,分别为22.0%(1 165/5 304)、11.9%(631/5 281)、53.8%(2 848/5 291)和58.2%(3 085/5 297);“能快速获得传染病知识”和“能看懂简单的化验单”的技能掌握率较低,分别为55.5%(2 940/5 297)和36.9%(1 957/5 301)。结论北京市郊区成年居民传染病知识知晓率、行为具有率和技能掌握率仍较低,学历较低应作用健康教育的重点人群。
Objective To understand the awareness rate, behavioral rate and skill mastery rate of infectious diseases among adult residents in the suburbs of Beijing, and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out health education related to infectious diseases in the suburbs. Methods A total of 5,307 adults ranging from 18 to 59 years old in Beijing area were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires were used to investigate the knowledge level, behavior and skills mastered by infectious diseases. Results The awareness rate of the most effective measures to prevent influenza, hepatitis A transmission, hepatitis B transmission, AIDS transmission and fever judgment criteria were lower Were 51.4% (2 684/5 221), 43.5% (2 294/5 276), 22.8% (1 212/5 307), 37.7% (1 999/5 307) and 34.0% (1 802/5 299) ; “Flu-like cases go to the hospital wearing masks”, “flu vaccination”, “dining attention to restaurant hygiene” and “not sharing towels” with a lower rate of behavior were 22.0% ( 1 165/5 304), 11.9% (631/5 281), 53.8% (2 848/5 291) and 58.2% (3 085/5 297); “Quick access to infectious disease knowledge” and " Skilled mastery of reading simple test slips was low at 55.5% (2 940/5 297) and 36.9% (1 957/5 301), respectively. Conclusion The awareness of infectious diseases, behavior prevalence and skills mastery of adult residents in suburbs of Beijing are still low, and those with lower academic qualifications should play a key role in health education.