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以6个小麦亲本及其双列杂交组合为试验材料,研究了小麦子粒蛋白质及其组分含量的遗传模型,分析了各性状间的相关关系。结果表明,子粒蛋白质含量、醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白绝对含量、醇溶蛋白和球蛋白相对含量的遗传符合加性—显性模型;清蛋白相对含量的遗传符合加性模型;醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白绝对含量、球蛋白相对含量为部分显性到完全显性。子粒蛋白质含量表现为部分显性,醇溶蛋白相对含量表现为完全显性到超显性;醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白绝对含量、球蛋白相对含量的遗传表现出高值为隐性、低值为显性的趋势。子粒蛋白质含量、醇溶蛋白相对含量表现出高值为显性,低值为隐性的趋势;相关分析的结果表明,两组蛋白质组分间(清蛋白、球蛋白归为一组;醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白归为另一组)存在着相互拮抗作用,而各组内的两性状间存在着相互促进作用。此外,本文还对各亲本中控制各性状遗传的显隐性基因的比例进行了分析。
Six wheat parents and their crosses were used as experimental materials to study the genetic model of protein and its components in wheat grains. The correlations among the traits were analyzed. The results showed that the inheritance of grain protein content, absolute content of gliadin and glutenin, relative content of gliadin and globulin conformed to the additive-dominance model; the genetic conformability additive model of the relative content of albumin; The absolute content of protein, globulin relative content is partially dominant to completely dominant. The protein content of the grain showed partial dominance, and the relative content of gliadin was completely dominant to super-dominant; the absolute content of gliadin and glutenin, the relative content of globulin showed high value as recessive, the low value was Dominant trend. The protein content and the relative contents of prolamin showed the tendency of high value as dominant and low value as recessive. The results of correlation analysis showed that among the two protein components (albumin and globulin were grouped into one group, Protein and glutenin belong to another group), and there is mutual antagonism between the two traits in each group. In addition, we also analyzed the proportion of dominant genes that control the inheritance of each trait in each parent.