时二○一五年,普利策非虚构作品奖颁给伊丽莎白·科尔伯特的《大灭绝时代》,四十年前的一九七五年,获奖作品为安妮·迪拉德的《听客溪的朝圣》。这两种作品,均属如今非常受关注的“自然文学”范畴,但它们却有着本质上的重要区别。如果以一九六二年蕾切尔·卡森出版《寂静的森林》为界,我们可以为自然文学划出两大支脉。一支是以亨利·戴维·梭罗、约 In 2015, Pulitzer Prize for Non-Fiction Works was awarded to Elizabeth Colbert’s “Great Extinction Era”. Forty years ago, in 1975, the prize-winning works were Anne Dillard’s “ Listen to the pilgrimage of the stream. ” Both of these works fall under the category of “natural literature”, which is of great concern today, but they are essentially different in nature. If we write Rachel Carson’s Silent Forest in 1962, we can draw two main lines for the study of natural literature. One is based on Henry David Thoreau, about