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候鸟是指春秋两季,沿着固定的线路,往来于繁殖区和越冬区之间的鸟。鸟类迁徙活动是鸟类在长期进化过程中形成的一种生理生态反应。迁徙的原因一般认为是内、外因共同作用的结果。因为随着四季的更替,自然条件如温度、光照,植物生态和鸟类的食物都发生剧烈变化。这些变化作为外界条件,直接影响着鸟类的生长发育和生存。所以鸟类的迁徙是有机体对生存条件变化的反应。
Migratory birds refer to birds in the spring and autumn season, along the fixed route, between the breeding area and the wintering area. Bird migration is a physiological and ecological response to the long-term evolution of birds. The reason for migration is generally considered to be the result of internal and external causes of joint action. Because with the change of the four seasons, natural conditions such as temperature, light, plant ecology, and bird food have all changed drastically. These changes as external conditions directly affect the growth and survival of birds. So the migration of birds is the organism’s response to changes in living conditions.