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张栻作为湖湘学派的大师,其学却在身后很快隐没。理学的发展是一个内部义理逐次展开和问题呈露的过程,能否及时把握住时代的课题并予以创造性的解决,对一个学派的存亡至关重要。以心的出入问题加以观照,自孟子提出这一说法,在宋代理学的发展中曾两次被特别关注:一次是初期的二程,一次是走向成熟之际的朱熹和张栻等。朱熹和张栻等学者虽然同时参与了问题的探讨,但张栻的学术风格缺少应有的主动性和创发性,兼有理学和心学的特征而欠充分,且更偏重于实践性,以致逐渐丧失了在理学内部的话语权。
As a masters of the Huxiang School, Zhang Xun’s school quickly disappeared behind him. The development of Neo-Confucianism is a process in which the internal principles of justice unfold one after another and the problems are revealed. Whether the problems of the times can be grasped in a timely manner and be creatively solved is crucial to the survival of a school. Taking the issue of mind out and looking at it, since Mencius made this remark, he has twice been paid special attention to the development of Neo-Confucianism in the Song dynasty: one is the initial two-way trip and the other is the maturity of Zhu Xi and Zhang Huan. Though scholars such as Zhu Xi and Zhang Huan participated in the discussion of the issue at the same time, Zhang 栻’s academic style lacks the due initiative and creativity, and possesses the features of Neo-Confucianism and psychology but owes insufficient and more emphasis on practicality. So gradually lost the right to speak within the Neo-Confucianism.