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对原来用于检测乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)表面抗原的三种方法和目前正在我国逐步采用的固相放射免疫分析法的敏感性和检出率作了比较研究。检测120份肝病门诊病人血清乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)的结果表明,在四种方法中,以固相放射免疫分析法的敏感性最高,HBsAg阳性率为40.83％;其次为酶联免疫吸附试验,阳性率为33.33％;以对流免疫电泳法的阳性率最低,仅17.50％,尚不及固相放射免疫法的一半。交叉分组分析的结果说明改进检测技术的必要性;在目前尚没有条件使用固相放射免疫分析技术的地区和医院,如果同时应用反向间接血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验两种方法检测,可以将HBsAg检出率从原来的61.22％和81.63提高到93.8％左右。
The three methods used to detect the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (hepatitis B) and the sensitivity and detection rate of the solid phase radioimmunoassay currently being gradually adopted in our country are compared. The results of detection of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in 120 outpatients with liver disease showed that among the four methods, the highest sensitivity was 40.83% by solid-phase radioimmunoassay, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) The positive rate was 33.33%. The lowest positive rate of convective immuno-electrophoresis was only 17.50%, which was less than half of that of solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Cross-sectional analysis of the results indicate the need to improve the detection technology; in the present there is no condition to use solid-phase radioimmunoassay in the area and the hospital, if both reverse indirect hemagglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test two ways, The detection rate of HBsAg can be increased from 61.22% and 81.63 to 93.8%.