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以山西龙矿盘道煤业有限公司2~#煤层的采场条件为工程背景,基于FLAC~(3D)数值仿真软件对工作面回采过程中煤层底板采动破坏特征进行流固耦合数值模拟。研究表明:煤层回采后,采空区底板垂直应力呈“半椭圆”形。采空区底板垂直位移呈“环状”分布,且采空区底板下方10m内垂直位移受采动影响较大,采空区底板塑性区大致形成了一个平底“碗状”破坏形态,采空区中部底板岩体受水平采动应力影响较大,以剪切破坏为主。采空区两端煤壁附近底板受支承压力影响较大,以拉张破坏为主。
Taking the stope conditions of coal seam 2 ~ # in Longyintangdao Coal Industry Co., Ltd. As the engineering background, the numerical simulation software FLAC 3D was used to simulate the failure characteristics of coal mining floor during the mining process. The research shows that the vertical stress of the bottom of the goaf is “semi-elliptical” after the coal seam is recovered. The vertical displacement of the bottom of the goaf was “ring”, and the vertical displacement within 10m below the bottom of the goaf was greatly affected by the mining, and the plastic zone of the bottom of the goaf formed a flat bottom “bowl ” damage In the middle part of the goaf, the rock mass in the central part of the goaf is greatly influenced by the horizontal mining stress and is mainly subjected to shear failure. The influence of bearing pressure on the floor near the coal wall at both ends of the goaf is larger, mainly in tension and failure.