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刑事损害赔偿制度是目前世界上许多国家所实行的一项法律制度.刑事损害赔偿,其含义是指在刑事诉讼过程中,国家司法机关由于错捕、错判等过错行为,致使刑事被告人的合法权益受到损害而给予其一定的物质补偿.刑事损害赔偿制度是国家赔偿制度的重要组成部分,其法律特征有:(1)构成刑事损害赔偿的侵权行为的主体只能是国家司法机关及其工作人员;(2)侵权行为必须发生在司法机关进行的刑事诉讼过程中,其前提条件是由于实施了错捕、错判等过错行为,损害了刑事被告人的合法权益;(3)刑事损害赔偿的责任由国家承担.从本质上讲,国家对刑事损害进行赔偿是法治原则在国家赔偿方面的必然要求.本文拟对国外刑事损害赔偿的立法阐述,以期为健全和完善我国刑事损害赔偿的立法、司法提供借鉴.
The system of criminal damage compensation is a legal system practiced in many countries in the world at present.The definition of criminal damage compensation means that in the process of criminal procedure, the national judicial organ causes the criminal defendant’s wrongdoing The legal rights and interests are given some material compensation.The criminal damage compensation system is an important part of the state compensation system.The legal features are as follows: (1) The main body of the tort that constitutes the criminal damage compensation can only be the national judicial organ and its (2) Infringement must take place in the process of criminal proceedings carried out by the judicial organs, with the precondition that the lawful rights and interests of the criminal defendant have been harmed due to wrongful act such as wrongful arrest and wrongful conviction; (3) Criminal damage The responsibility of compensation is borne by the state.In essence, the state compensation for criminal damage is the inevitable requirement of the principle of the rule of law in the state compensation.This paper intends to elaborate the legislation of the compensation for criminal damage abroad, in order to improve and perfect the compensation for criminal damage in our country Legislation, judicature provide reference.