目的:研究早期肠外营养对小于胎龄儿宫外生长的影响,为小于胎龄儿制定更为合理的营养支持策略提供指导。方法:对72例住院的小于胎龄儿进行头围和体重的监测,并将其按不同胎龄和不同出生体重分组,观察早期全肠外营养对不同胎龄和出生体重患儿的影响;统计患儿住院期间并发症的发生情况,探讨肠外营养对并发症的影响。结果:①头围和体重的增长变化趋势一致,≥37周组增加比<37周组增加多;随胎龄增加,恢复出生体重时间和平均住院日均缩短。②头围和体重的增长变化趋势一致,～1.5kg组增加最多,～2.0kg组增加最少;随出生体重的增加,恢复出生体重时间和平均住院日均有缩短趋势。③早期“全合一”肠外营养从外周静脉24h均匀输入,短期内未见有严重不良反应的发生。结论:积极地早期应用肠外营养,防治小于胎龄儿常见并发症的发生,有助于促进患儿宫外生长发育。 OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of early parenteral nutrition on ectopic growth in infants younger than gestational age and to provide guidance for making more rational nutritional support strategies for infants younger than gestational age. Methods: A total of 72 inpatients with small gestational age were screened for head circumference and body weight, divided into groups according to their gestational ages and birth weights. The effects of early total parenteral nutrition on children with different gestational age and birth weight were observed. The incidence of complications during hospitalization was calculated and the effect of parenteral nutrition on complications was analyzed. Results: ① The changes of head circumference and body weight were the same, the increase of ≥37 weeks group was more than that of <37 weeks group; With the increase of gestational age, the birth weight recovery time and the average length of stay were shortened. The head circumference and body weight growth trend of change, ~ 1.5kg group increased most, ~ 2.0kg group increased least; With the increase of birth weight, the recovery of birth weight time and the average length of stay have shortened. ③ early “all in one ” parenteral nutrition input from the peripheral venous 24h, no serious adverse reactions in the short term. Conclusion: The positive application of parenteral nutrition early to prevent the occurrence of common complications of small gestational age children, help to promote the growth of children with ectopic.