日本国有铁路因为行驶高速列车,要求列车加速快;在弯道行驶列车,减少车辆侧向离心力;私营铁路办理郊区月票乘车,停站频繁,也要求车组加速快,列车自重减轻还可以节省动能,因而多方设法,努力于减轻车辆自重。减轻车辆自重,他们首先着重于车体,然后考虑到转向架和电气设备。车身大量采用挤压工艺,不仅节省材料结构,而且减少焊接和加工的工作量。日本车辆制造厂使用铝合金制车身已有14年历史,车身 Japan’s state-owned railways require faster trains because of high-speed trains; trains on corners reduce lateral centrifugal forces; private railways handle monthly commuter passes and frequent stops, and also require that trains accelerate faster and train weight is reduced. Kinetic energy, so multi-way, efforts to reduce vehicle weight. Reduce the weight of vehicles, they first focus on the body, and then consider the bogies and electrical equipment. Large body extrusion process, not only save material structure, but also reduce the workload of welding and processing. Japan’s vehicle manufacturers use aluminum alloy body has 14 years of history, the body