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脑创伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)后血脑屏障(blood brain barrier,BBB)受损,脑内固有免疫细胞(小胶质细胞、星型胶质细胞等)和外周来源免疫细胞(巨噬/单核细胞、T细胞、中性粒细胞等)均参与到脑组织的炎症反应中,释放多种炎症因子、活性氧、化学诱导物,造成脑组织损伤,同时引发机体对免疫细胞的产生和功能的抑制性调节,即免疫抑制。本文就TBI后脑内炎症反应和外周免疫抑制方面的研究作一综述,旨在进一步了解其病理生理改变,为临床治疗提供理论依据。
Damage to the blood brain barrier (BBB) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), impaired innate immune cells (microglia, astrocytes, etc.) in the brain and peripheral-derived immune cells (macrophages / Monocytes, T cells, neutrophils, etc.) are involved in the inflammatory response of brain tissue, release a variety of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, chemical inducers, causing brain tissue damage, while triggering the body’s immune cells and Inhibitory function of regulation, that is, immunosuppression. This review summarizes the studies on inflammatory reaction and peripheral immunosuppression after TBI in order to further understand its pathophysiological changes and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.