按语:清末,监狱制度改革是司法制度改革的一项重要内容。中国近代监狱改革参照日本,通过学习日本的经验以借鉴西方监狱制度。清末习艺所即是在这种社会背景下创办的,其中尤以袁世凯主持创办的天津习艺所和保定习艺所最为成功,其“监狱之规则、各员办事之条例、作业工师之服务以及各种图表,均井井有条,实足与东瀛相颉颃”。由于天津、保定习艺所的创办,为各地推行习艺所制度积累了经验。保定习艺所创办稍晚于天津习艺所,于光绪三十年(1904年)兴工,次年三月前后建成,六月即开始接收罪犯入 At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the reform of the prison system was an important part of the reform of the judicial system. Reference to Japan’s prison reform in modern China, learning from Japan’s experience to learn from the Western prison system. The Institute of Arts in the late Qing Dynasty was founded under such a social background. Among them, the most successful are the Tianjin Institute of Arts and the Baoding Institute of Arts, which was founded under the auspices of Yuan Shikai. The rules of the prison, the regulations of the members, the service of the craftsmen, A variety of charts are well-organized, in fact, with the East phase of antagonism 颃 ". As Tianjin, Baoding Xi Institute of the founder, for the implementation of Xi Institute of the system has accumulated experience. Baoding Xi Yi was founded later than the Tianjin Institute of Arts, Guangxu thirty years (1904) to build workers, built around March the following year, in June began to receive criminals into