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以石墨电极为阴极、钌铱电极为阳极,建立了动态电化学应器用以处理硝基苯模拟废水。考察了水力停留时间、电流密度、电解质浓度和初始pH等因素对硝基苯去除率、苯胺生成率和库伦效率的影响规律,从能耗角度探讨了动态处理方式的优势及其原因。结果表明:动态处理效果明显优于静态处理。当水力停留时间为1 min,电流密度为15 m A·cm-2,电解质浓度为0.05 mol·L~(-1)时,反应20 min硝基苯转化为苯胺的库伦效率为4.15%,比相似条件下的静态处理效果增大2.58倍;反应60 min去除硝基苯和生成苯胺所需能耗分别为10.09 k Wh·kg-1和19.53 k Wh·kg-1,比静态分别减少45.22%和62.09%;反应120 min硝基苯去除率可达97.3%,苯胺生成率达53.1%,比静态分别提高22.8%和39.2%。
With graphite electrode as cathode and ruthenium-iridium electrode as anode, a dynamic electrochemical reactor was established to treat nitrobenzene simulated wastewater. The influences of hydraulic retention time, current density, electrolyte concentration and initial pH on the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene, the yield of aniline and the coulombic efficiency were investigated. The advantages and reasons of dynamic treatment were discussed from the energy consumption perspective. The results show that dynamic processing is obviously better than static processing. When the hydraulic retention time is 1 min, the current density is 15 m A · cm-2 and the electrolyte concentration is 0.05 mol·L -1, the Coulomb efficiency of nitrobenzene conversion to aniline at 20 min is 4.15% The static treatment effect under similar conditions increased by 2.58 times; the required energy consumption for nitrobenzene removal and aniline formation 60 min after the reaction were 10.09 k Wh · kg-1 and 19.53 k Wh · kg-1, respectively, which were 45.22% And 62.09%, respectively. The removal rate of nitrobenzene reached 97.3% after 120 min reaction, and the yield of aniline reached 53.1%, which was 22.8% and 39.2% higher than the static state respectively.