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采用PCR和DNA双链四色荧光单道测序方法对 31例结肠癌组织、13例大肠息肉伴不典型增生、11例结肠癌术后并发腹水标本进行K ras基因外显子 1、2和P53基因外显子 5、6、7、8测序分析。结果显示 :31例癌组织中发现K ras突变 7例 ,P53突变 12例 ,阳性率分别为 2 2 .58%和 38.71% ;13例息肉伴不典型增生组织中发现P53突变 2例 ;11例术后腹水标本中发现K -ras突变 1例 ,P53突变 2例 ,且突变与患者包埋组织结果一致。表明结肠组织癌变与这两个基因突变密切相关 ,癌基因突变是结肠癌较早期的细胞损害 ;DNA测序方法是研究癌基因突变的最精确可靠的方法。
Kras gene exons 1, 2 and P53 were performed in 31 cases of colon cancer tissues, 13 cases of colorectal polyps with atypical hyperplasia, and 11 cases of colon cancer complicated with ascites following PCR and DNA double-strand four-color fluorescence single channel sequencing. Exon 5, 6, 7, 8 sequencing analysis. The results showed that there were 7 Kras mutations and 12 P53 mutations in 31 cases of cancerous tissues. The positive rates were 22.58% and 38.71% respectively; 2 cases of P53 mutations were found in 13 cases of polyps with dysplasia; K-ras mutation was found in 1 case and P53 mutation was found in 2 cases after ascites. The mutation was consistent with the results of the patient’s embedding tissue. This indicates that colon canceration is closely related to mutations in these two genes. Oncogene mutations are early cell damage in colon cancer; DNA sequencing is the most accurate and reliable method for studying oncogene mutations.