肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血菌、粘膜炎莫拉菌是引发社区获得性呼吸道感染 (CARTIs)的典型病原体。目前 ,用于治疗CARTIs的抗生素包括 :青霉素类及头孢菌素类 ;碳青霉烯类 ;大环内酯和酮内酯类及喹诺酮类。为克服耐药菌、或改良理化性质 ,提高口服活性 ,开发了一系列处于临床研究或已经上市的新抗生素或前体药物。 Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are typical pathogens causing community acquired respiratory infections (CARTIs). Currently, the antibiotics used to treat CARTIs include: penicillins and cephalosporins; carbapenems; macrolides and ketolides and quinolones. In order to overcome drug-resistant bacteria, or to improve physical and chemical properties and improve oral activity, a series of new antibiotics or prodrugs in clinical research or already on the market have been developed.