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★★★朱自清(1898-1948),字佩弦,江苏扬州人,原籍浙江绍兴。现代著名散文家、诗人、学者, 民主战士。1920年毕业于北京大学哲学系。在大学读书后期,受五四运动的影响,开始写新 诗,一直继续到毕业后在浙江一带当中学教师。1925年任清华大学教授,转而从事散文创作, 成为名噪一时的散文作家。1931年留学英国,漫游欧洲,次年回国,仍至清华大学任教授。抗 战期间,在昆明西南联大任教。1946年7月,著名的民主战士李公朴、闻一多被国民党特务暗 杀,血的教训促使朱自清积极参加中国共产党所领导的爱国民主运动,成为一个坚强的革命 民主主义战士。1948年,他贫病交加,但坚决不向反动派屈服,该年8月在北平逝世。对此,毛 泽东给予高度评价:“朱自清一身重病,宁可饿死,不领美国的’救济粮’……表现了我们民 族的英雄气概。”朱自清是文学研究会早期主要成员,一生勤奋,共有诗歌、散文、评论、学术 研究著作26种,约200多万字。主要有诗文集《踪迹》,散文集《背影》《欧游杂记》《你我》 《伦敦杂记》,文艺论著《诗言志辨》《论雅俗共赏》等。散文风格素朴缜密,清隽沉郁,以语 言洗练、文笔秀丽著称。散文代表作有《荷塘月色》《背影》《绿》等。
★ ★ ★ Zhu Ziqing (1898-1948), the word Pei Xian, Jiangsu Yangzhou people, origin Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Modern famous essayists, poets, scholars, and democratic fighters. In 1920 graduated from the Philosophy Department of Peking University. Later in college, under the influence of the May 4th movement, he began to write new poems and continued to study in the Zhejiang area after graduation. In 1925, he became a professor at Tsinghua University and turned to prose writing, becoming a famous prose writer. In 1931, he studied in the UK, roamed Europe, and returned to the country the following year. He still served as a professor at Tsinghua University. During the war, he taught at Kunming Southwestern United University. In July 1946, the famous democracy activists Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo were assassinated by KMT secret agents. The lesson of blood prompted Zhu Ziqing to actively participate in the patriotic and democratic movement led by the Chinese Communist Party and become a strong revolutionary democrat. In 1948, he was poor, but he did not give in to the reactionaries. He died in Peking in August of that year. In this regard, Mao Zedong spoke highly of: “Zhu Ziqing was seriously ill and would rather starve to death and fail to lead the US’s ’relief food’.... This is a manifestation of the heroic spirit of our nation.” Zhu Ziqing was an early member of the Literary Society and was diligent throughout his life. There are 26 kinds of poetry, prose, commentary, academic research books and about 2 million words. There are poetry collections “Trail”, essays set “back”, “European miscellaneous notes” “You and I” “London Miscellanea”, literary theory, “Poetry and Discernment,” “On the refined and popular,” and so on. Prose style is simple and plain, clear and sullen, and is known for its refined language and beautiful writing style. Prose works include “Lotus Pond Moonlight”, “Back”, “Green” and so on.