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根据安全学原理及火灾事故案例,构建了由“人-机-环境—管理”4个子系统组成的公路隧道火灾风险管理模型,建立了公路隧道火灾风险评价指标体系。所建立的公路隧道火灾风险评价指标体系内部的各个指标是相互联系的,这种联系不是一种递阶形式的层次结构,而是一种网络结构,在确定指标权重时,不能够满足层次分析法所适用的条件,为此在隧道火灾风险评价中引入网络分析法,构造了公路隧道火灾风险评价模糊网络结构。网络分析法既考虑层次之间的影响,也考虑层次内部因素之间的相互影响,有效克服了层次分析法中确定指标权重时只考虑每一层次的各元素对上一层次某元素的优先权重的缺陷,能够给出更加合理的指标权重。在建立的评估指标的基础上,结合模糊数学、网络分析法和专家调查法建立了公路隧道火灾风险“FAND”综合评价模型,并运用该模型对某隧道进行了火灾风险评价,并提出了合理的改进措施。
According to safety theory and fire accident cases, a fire risk management model of highway tunnel composed of 4 sub-systems of “man-machine-environment-management” is constructed, and a fire risk assessment index system for highway tunnel is established. The established indicators of the risk assessment of highway tunnel fire are interrelated indicators, this link is not a hierarchical structure, but a network structure, in determining the weight of the indicator can not meet the level of analysis This paper introduces the network analysis method in tunnel fire risk assessment, and constructs the fuzzy network structure of highway tunnel fire risk assessment. The network analysis not only considers the influence between the levels but also considers the mutual influence between the internal factors of the hierarchy and effectively overcomes the priority weight of each element of each level when considering the weight of the indicator in the AHP The flaw, can give a more reasonable index weight. Based on the evaluation index established, combined with fuzzy mathematics, network analysis and expert investigation, a fire risk “FAND” comprehensive evaluation model of highway tunnel was set up, and a fire hazard assessment of a tunnel was made using this model. Reasonable improvement measures.