母语文是指各民族自古以来所固有的、与外来语相对而言的有声语言及其记录这种语言的符号。它是各民族用来开发本民族群体智力特别是本民族儿童在基础教育中智力开发的最普遍、最灵便、最有效的工具。长期以来,在许多少数民族不通或很少通晓汉语的地区,教育发展十分缓慢,其入学率、巩固率、合格率较低,并具有鲜明的地区性、民族性和稳定性 Native language refers to the symbols of the languages ​​spoken and recorded by peoples since ancient times that are relative to foreign words. It is the most universal, flexible and effective tool that various ethnic groups use to develop the intelligence of their own ethnic groups, especially their own children in basic education. For a long time, in many areas where the ethnic minorities have little or no understanding of Chinese, education has been developing very slowly. Its enrollment, consolidation rate and pass rate are low, and have distinctive regional, nationalistic and stability