一60多岁男性患者,右上肢疼痛三年,加重6个月。该患者已确诊患胰腺癌,有肺和颈部转移,伴右侧Horner’s 综合征,疼痛始于肩部扩展至整个上肢,夜间尤甚。病人诉其疼痛为钳夹痛,疼痛程度按视觉类比量表(visual aualogue scale)分为10分(该量表得分范围为0～10分),患者呈痛苦表情,夜间几乎不能入睡,经常去医院注射麻醉止痛剂,且对此类药已逐渐产生耐药性。患者于出生后即患有哮 A man in his 60s has pain in his right upper extremity for three years and aggravates for six months. The patient has been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, with lung and neck metastases, with right Horner’s syndrome, with pain beginning at the shoulder and spreading throughout the upper extremity, especially at night. The patient complained of pain as a clamp pain. The pain level was divided into 10 points on a visual aualogue scale (the scale ranged from 0 to 10). The patient showed a painful expression, barely fell asleep at night, and often went Hospital injection of narcotic analgesics, and the gradual emergence of such drugs resistance. The patient suffers from asthma after birth