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目的探讨贝那普利对早期糖尿病肾脏疾病(DKD)足细胞损伤保护作用。方法选取SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照(NC)组、单肾切除(SNE)组、DKD组和贝那普利(Ben)组,每组10只,其中DKD组和Ben组采用60mg/kg STZ腹腔注射建立DKD模型,成模4周后,Ben组予10mg/(kg·d)贝那普利灌胃,DKD组、SNE组和NC组4周后予等量蒸馏水灌胃。检测各组生化指标,观察肾脏组织病理改变及足细胞超微结构,免疫荧光检测肾皮质Nephrin和Podocin蛋白表达。结果Ben组多饮多尿症状减轻,第4、8、12周体质量均高于DKD组(P<0.05);DKD组和Ben组血糖高于NC组、SNE组(P<0.05);DKD组Scr和24h尿蛋白定量高于NC组、SNE组,血清白蛋白低于NC组、单肾切除组(P<0.05);Ben组Scr和24h尿蛋白定量(81.30±20.46)μmol/L、(190.44±5.10)mg/24h低于DKD组,血清白蛋白(36.47±1.32)g/L高于DKD组(P<0.05);DKD组肾组织AT Ⅱ高于NC组(P<0.05);Ben组AT Ⅱ(14.60±0.82)pg/ml低于DKD组(P<0.05);DKD模型组足突宽度、足突融合率和基底膜厚度高于NC组、SNE组(P<0.05);Ben组足突宽度、足突融合率和基底膜厚度分别为(0.41±0.01)μm、(34.20%±6.81%)和(0.40±0.03)μm,低于DKD组(P<0.05);Ben组Nephrin和Podocin蛋白表达较DKD组升高。结论贝那普利对早期DKD足细胞有保护作用,其机制可能与降低肾组织ATⅡ,上调Nephrin和Podocin蛋白表达有关。
Objective To investigate the protective effect of benazepril on podocyte injury of early diabetic nephropathy (DKD). Methods Forty SPF male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), single nephrectomy (SNE) group, DKD group and Ben group, with 10 rats in each group. DKD group and The DKD model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 60mg / kg STZ in Ben group. After 4 weeks of model establishment, Ben was given Benazepril 10mg / (kg · d) orally in DK group, SND group and NC group. stomach. The biochemical indexes of each group were observed, the histopathological changes of renal tissues and podocyte ultrastructure were observed, and the expression of Nephrin and Podocin protein in renal cortex were detected by immunofluorescence. Results The symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria in Ben group were alleviated. The body weight at 4, 8 and 12 weeks was higher than that of DKD group (P <0.05). The blood glucose of DKD group and Ben group was higher than that of NC group and SNE group (P <0.05) Group Scr and 24h urinary protein were higher than NC group, SNE group, serum albumin was lower than NC group, single nephrectomy group (P <0.05); Ben group Scr and 24h urine protein (81.30 ± 20.46) μmol / L, (190.44 ± 5.10) mg / 24h were lower than those in the DKD group and serum albumin (36.47 ± 1.32) g / L was higher in the DKD group than in the DKD group (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The foot width, foot process fusion rate and basement membrane thickness in DKD model group were higher than those in NC group and SNE group (P <0.05). The foot width, foot fusion rate and basement membrane thickness in Ben group were (0.41 ± 0.01) μm, (34.20 ± 6.81%) and (0.40 ± 0.03) μm, respectively, which were lower than those in DKD group Nephrin and Podocin protein expression increased compared with DKD group. Conclusion Behenopril has a protective effect on early DKD podocytes. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of AT Ⅱ, up-regulation of Nephrin and Podocin protein expression in renal tissues.