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狭鳕广泛分布于整个北太平洋,资源丰富,其总渔获量在1985年已突破600万吨,约占世界渔业总产量的7%。近15年来,狭鳕渔业一直是世界上最大的单一鱼种渔业。文中还概述了北太平洋狭鳕渔业的开发利用水平、历史发展过程和近年来的新进展。阐述了狭鳕的分布范围、主要渔场和渔期、主要种群和生物量水平、主要生物学特征和行动习性以及捕捞狭鳕的生产方式,渔具以中、底层拖网为主。评估了重要海区的狭鳕资源量,东白令海为1000万吨左右,鄂霍次克海约500万吨。并对各海区的狭鳕资源和捕捞状况进行了评价。最后分别介绍了苏联、日本等主要狭鳕渔业国家的摘捞生产概况。
Pollock is widely distributed throughout the North Pacific Ocean and is rich in resources. Its total catch has exceeded 6 million tons in 1985, accounting for about 7% of the world’s total fishery output. For nearly 15 years, pollock fisheries have been the largest single species fishery in the world. The article also outlines the level of development and utilization of the North Pacific pollock fisheries, historical development process and recent progress in recent years. The distribution range of pollock, main fishery and fishing season, major population and biomass, main biological characteristics and habit of fishing, and the production methods of pollock are discussed. The middle and bottom trawls are mainly used for tackle. The assessment of the important sea pollock resources, the East Bering Sea 10 million tons, the Okhotsk about 5 million tons. And the sea pollock resources and fishing conditions were evaluated. At the end of this chapter, we introduce the general survey of fishing and fishing in major pollock fishery countries such as the Soviet Union and Japan.