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成人母语教学应以提高言语能力为主。言语听辨能力是言语能力重要和基本的内容。它可以被分解为对听话角色的感知能力，对说话角色的推断能力，对话语本义的听解能力和对话语用意的辨识能力。成人应发展对非听话角色和特殊听话角色的感知能力，从社会身分、相互关系、自我状态、参与度和知识背景等方面系统推断说话角色的能力，对大段话语、有同音词语的话语、含生词语的话语和病句等本义的听解能力以及对话语的零用意、空用意和多层用意的辨识能力。
Adult mother tongue teaching should be based on improving speech ability. Speech recognition ability is the important and basic content of speech ability. It can be broken down into the ability to perceive the obedient character, the ability to infer the role of the speaker, the ability to understand the meaning of the discourse and the ability to recognize the discourse. Adults should develop their ability to perceive non-obedient characters and special obedient characters, systematically infer the ability of speaking characters from aspects of social status, interrelationship, self-status, participation and knowledge background, The original meaning of listening comprehension, including words and sentences with new words, as well as zero intelligibility, empty intent and multi-level intelligibility of discourse.