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风景作为一种自然、社会、人类共同作用的现象,与地理环境、人口、生产方式、社会意识和文化背景等问题都有关联。地理环境和人口决定着风景资源;生产方式和社会意识限定着风景价值观;文化背景和社会意识影响着风景欣赏情趣;风景资源,风景价值观和风景欣赏情趣除了受这些因素制约之外,其形成,变化以及发展还取次于人们全社会的风景实践;而风景理论和风景建筑学教育则在风景实践中应运而生。本文拟从这五个方面对中美风景界现状宏观比较,以期发现问题,解决问题。
As a phenomenon of nature, society, and humanity, landscape is related to issues such as geographical environment, population, production methods, social awareness, and cultural background. The geographical environment and population determine the landscape resources; the production methods and social consciousness define the values of the landscape; the cultural background and social consciousness affect the appreciation of landscape appreciation; the landscape resources, landscape values, and landscape appreciation interests are formed in addition to these factors. Change and development also take second place to people’s landscape practice in the entire society; landscape theory and landscape architecture education come into being in landscape practice. This paper intends to make a macro-comparison of the status quo of China and the United States from these five aspects in order to find problems and solve problems.