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目的了解住院患者医院感染现状,为有效防控提供科学依据。方法通过回顾性调查方法,对某医院2012年度住院患者医院感染情况进行监测。结果全年共调查住院患者8 321例,发生医院感染145例,医院感染发生率为1.74%。感染率最高科室是重症监护病房,占感染患者总数的63.08%。感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占75,57%;其次为泌尿道,占14.77%。感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占72.07%。各种侵入性操作、患者高龄、伴有基础病及抗菌素大量应用等因素构成医院感染的易感因素。结论住院医院感染患者主要分布在重症监护病房,易感因素明确,应针对具体影响因素提出防控措施。
Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients and provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control. Methods By means of retrospective survey, hospital infection of hospitalized patients in a hospital in 2012 was monitored. Results A total of 8 321 hospitalized patients were surveyed throughout the year, with 145 cases of nosocomial infection and 1.74% of nosocomial infections. The highest infection rate is the intensive care unit, accounting for 63.08% of the total number of infected patients. Respiratory tract infection mainly below, accounting for 75,57%; followed by the urinary tract, accounting for 14.77%. Infectious pathogens mainly gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 72.07%. A variety of invasive operations, patients with advanced age, with underlying diseases and antibiotics, a large number of factors such as the formation of susceptibility to nosocomial infections. Conclusion Inpatients with hospital-acquired infections are mainly located in the intensive care unit. The predisposing factors are clear. Prevention and control measures should be put forward according to the specific factors.