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长江客货轮是实行客货分流,还是客货兼运,一直是个有争议的问题。近年来,一方面由于客货轮中出现客运量大增和货运量锐减的状况,另一方面则是由于提高船舶营运经济性的需要,因此,使这个问题显得更加突出。客货轮首先要满足国民经济的发展和人民生活的需要,并在这个前提下提高营运经济效益,争取尽量多的盈余为国家增加积累。现以汉——申线东11型客货轮为例,对客货分流和客货兼运两种运输方式的营运状况和经济效果进行讨论。
It is always a controversial issue whether the passenger and cargo passenger and cargo vehicles are to be diverted by the passenger and cargo transport or by the passenger and cargo transport. In recent years, this issue has become more prominent on the one hand due to the surge of passenger traffic and the sharp drop in freight traffic volume on the one hand, and the need to improve the operating economy of the ship on the other hand. The first is to meet the needs of the development of the national economy and the people’s livelihood. And under this premise, the economic benefits of operation should be raised so as to maximize as much as possible the surplus for the country to increase its accumulation. Now taking the Han-Shen-Lin-11 passenger and cargo ship as an example, we discuss the operational status and economic effects of passenger and freight transport and passenger and freight transport.