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17世纪,或谓明清之际百余年间,是中国历史发展的一个重要转折期,西方文化东渐,中土文化西被。此时期近百名来华天主教传教士或译或撰出版了数百种宣扬西方物质和精神文明的书籍,自周秦以来中国士人大一统的“天下观”垮塌了,被动地接受了意大利人利马窦的《万国舆地图志》里的“世界观”。“世界”一词,虽最早为佛教用典,但被西人借用已有另一意义。传统中土的“天下”与西人的“世界”构成不同的人文品质,体现着中西价值观的巨大差异。当时的中国究竟有多少人熟悉那个陌生的“世界”?至少,有一个人群
In the 17th century, or more than a hundred years as the Ming and Qing dynasties marked an important turning point in the development of Chinese history, the Western culture started to eastward and the culture of the Middle East and the West came into being. During this period, nearly a hundred Catholic missionaries who came to China or translated or published hundreds of books promoting the material and spiritual civilization of the West have collapsed, and the “world outlook” unified by the Chinese literati has collapsed since the Zhou and Qin Dynasties and passively accepted Italy Ricci’s “World Map” in the “world view.” Although the earliest word for “world ” is Buddhist scriptures, borrowing from the West has had another meaning. The traditional human and cultural qualities of the “world” and the “world” of the Western people embody the huge differences between the Chinese and the Western values. How many people in China at that time were familiar with the strange “world”? At least, there was a group of people