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“以来”通常用来表示从过去某时直到说话时或特指的某一时间为止的一段时间,它所表示的时间段与“以”字词族中的其他表示时空概念的成员,如“以前、以后”相比,具有自身的特性。在其历史演变过程中,它的功能和意义都发生了改变。在古汉语中,它除了时间范畴的意义外,还有空间范畴的意义,表示空间距离的上下远近。另外,它还能表示以后的意义。本文着重分析“以来”意义中的时间空间范畴,并将其与“以前、以后、以去”对比,得出词中所隐含的认知方式。
“Since ” is usually used to mean a certain period of time from the past time until speaking or a specific time, which means that the time period it expresses with the other concepts in the “” Members, such as “before, after ”, has its own characteristics. In the course of its historical evolution, its function and significance have changed. In ancient Chinese, in addition to the significance of time categories, there is also the meaning of spatial categories, indicating the spatial distance from top to bottom. In addition, it can indicate the future significance. This article focuses on the analysis of the category of time and space in the meaning of “since ” and compares it with “before, after, with ” to get the implicit cognitive style.