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【目的】褐纹金针虫Melanotus caudex发生为害日趋严重。本研究分析饥饿环境条件下褐纹金针虫的生理特征变化,以期揭示其饥饿胁迫下的生理和生态适应对策。【方法】以2-3龄幼虫为试验的起始对象,以喂食小麦(中旱101)苗的褐纹金针虫为对照,在土壤和蛭石两种饲养环境条件下测定不同饥饿时期金针虫的存活率、活动性、蜕皮次数、体重、含水量及呼吸率的变化。【结果】饥饿胁迫下褐纹金针虫存活率、蜕皮次数与喂食(对照)组之间无显著差异,在饥饿120 d的情况下仍有90%以上的存活率,蜕皮次数10次左右,试虫在触碰时全部具有活动性。土壤和蛭石环境饥饿胁迫下褐纹金针虫的鲜重、干重分别呈下降趋势,与喂食组相比存在显著差异。处理120 d时,土壤和蛭石环境饥饿褐纹金针虫的含水量分别达到72.52%和72.22%,相应对照组的含水量分别为49.01%和51.37%,饥饿组含水量较喂食对照组显著升高。随饥饿处理时间的延长褐纹金针虫呼吸率表现为显著下降趋势,土壤和蛭石环境饥饿胁迫下褐纹金针虫的CO2释放率分别下降了62.11%和60.46%。【结论】褐纹金针虫具有较强的耐饥饿能力,在饥饿胁迫下可通过降低呼吸代谢的生理对策维持其生长发育(正常蜕皮)。
【Objective】 The damage of Melanotus caudex is serious. In this study, we analyzed the physiological characteristics of the golden needleworm under starvation conditions in order to reveal its physiological and ecological adaptation strategies under starvation stress. 【Method】 The 2-3-instar larvae were used as the starting objects to test the growth of the golden needleworm (Eisenia foetida) at different starvation stages under the feeding conditions of soil and vermiculite Survival rate, molting frequency, body weight, water content and respiration rate. 【Result】 The results showed that there was no significant difference in survival rate, molting frequency and feeding frequency between the control group and the starfishes under starvation stress. The survival rate was more than 90% after 120 days of starvation and the number of molting was about 10 times. Insects are all active when touched. Fresh weight and dry weight of the brown needleworm under the environmental stress of soil and vermiculite decreased respectively, which were significantly different from those of the fed group. At 120 days, the water content of environment-hungry needleworm in soil and vermiculite reached 72.52% and 72.22%, respectively. The water content in the corresponding control group was 49.01% and 51.37% respectively. The water content in starvation group was significantly higher than that in the control group high. The respiration rate of A. gifuensis showed a significant downward trend with the prolonged starving treatment time, and the CO2 release rates of A. gifuensis decreased by 62.11% and 60.46%, respectively, under the conditions of starvation stress of soil and vermiculite. 【Conclusion】 The golden needleworm has strong resistance to starvation. Under starvation stress, its growth and development can be maintained by reducing the respiratory metabolism (normal ecdysis).