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在地球的高纬度地区上空,经常会出现一种绚丽多彩的发光现象,那就是极光.极光是由于地球磁层或太阳的高能带电粒子流(太阳风)使高层大气分子或原子激发(或电离)而产生的.极光产生的条件有三个:大气、磁场和高能带电粒子,这三者缺一不可.极光在南极称为南极光,在北极为北极光.其实,极光并不只在地球上出现,
In the sky above the high latitudes of the Earth, there is often a variety of luminescent phenomena that are auroraes. Aurora is caused by the excitation (or ionization) of upper atmosphere molecules or atoms by the Earth’s magnetic layer or by the sun’s high-energy charged particle stream (solar wind). The resulting aurora produces three conditions: the atmosphere, the magnetic field, and high-energy charged particles. These three are indispensable. Aurora is called Antarctica in the Antarctic, and Northern Lights in the Arctic. In fact, the Aurora does not only appear on the Earth.