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目的观察不同药物预防季节性变应性鼻炎(AR)的效果。方法将120例季节性AR患者随机分为布地奈德组、非索非那定组、孟鲁司特组和对照组,前三组(预防治疗组)在症状发作前2周应用不同的药物治疗,对照组不予任何处理。在用药前2周、用药后2周及4周对各症状、总症状以及鼻结膜炎生活质量评分(RQLQ)进行分析。结果用药2周及4周后,预防治疗组各项评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。布地奈德组鼻部症状、总症状评分及RQLQ均低于其他两组;非索非那定组眼部症状评分低于其他两组;孟鲁司特组鼻塞症状评分低于非索非那定组。结论鼻用糖皮质激素对所有鼻部症状、总体症状及生活质量均有显著改善作用,可作为预防用药的首选。眼部症状明显的患者可选用第二代口服抗组胺药,同时伴有鼻塞较重的患者可联合白三烯受体拮抗剂进行预防治疗。
Objective To observe the effect of different drugs in preventing seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods 120 patients with seasonal AR were randomly divided into budesonide group, fexofenadine group, montelukast group and control group. The first three groups (prophylactic group) were given different drugs 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms Treatment, the control group without any treatment. The symptoms, the general symptoms and the quality of life of the rhinoconjunctivitis (RQLQ) were analyzed 2 weeks before and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the treatment. Results After 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment, all the scores in the preventive treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The nasal symptoms, total symptom scores and RQLQ in the budesonide group were lower than those in the other two groups. The scores of eye symptoms in the fexofenadine group were lower than those in the other two groups. The nasal obstruction scores in the montelukast group were lower than those in the fexofenad group Set group. Conclusion Nasal glucocorticoids can significantly improve all the symptoms, symptoms and quality of life of the nose, which may be the first choice of preventive medicine. Patients with significant ocular symptoms may choose to use the second generation of oral antihistamines, while patients with severe nasal congestion may be combined with leukotriene receptor antagonist for prevention and treatment.