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本文基本上是对新近文献中可利用的难浸金矿石的预处理方法的述评。当金呈细粒浸染往硫化物、含砷硫化物、碲化物、碳质和粘土矿物中时,直接采用碱性氰化法来提取金效果不好。然而,通过加热氧化(如焙烧),化学氧化(如酸浸、加压酸浸或碱浸)或生物氧化(如氧化铁硫杆菌的生物浸出)的预处理方法使得金从难浸矿物中解离出来。然后用碱性氰化法从该氧化产物中回收金。除了预处理方法外,用硫脲或者炭浸工艺从含碳质金矿石或精矿中直接回收金也是适宜的。最后,对所有主要的预处理方法作出一些评述,并进一步对 R&D(研究与开发)工作提出一些建议。
This article is essentially a review of the methods of pretreatment of refractory gold ore available in the recent literature. When gold is disseminated to sulphides, arsenic-containing sulphides, tellurides, carbonaceous and clay minerals, it is not good to use alkaline cyanidation directly to extract gold. However, the pretreatment of chemical oxidation (such as acid leaching, pressure acid leaching or alkali leaching) or biooxidation (such as bioleaching of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) by heating (such as roasting) allows the dissolution of gold from the leach minerals Leave. Gold is then recovered from the oxidation product by alkaline cyanidation. In addition to the pretreatment methods, the direct recovery of gold from carbonaceous gold ores or concentrates using thiourea or carbon leaching is also suitable. Finally, make some comments on all the major preconditioning methods and make further suggestions for R & D (research and development) work.