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在数学竞赛试卷中,频繁出现这样的一类问题:求自然数n,使得关于n的一个二次多项式n2+an+b的值是完全平方数(其中a,b为常数).在此,笔者给出解答这类问题的一般方法,即设参数、配方,对多项式进行因式分解,同时将常数分解成整数乘积的形式,然后构造方程组,进而求出满足题设条件的自然数和所设参数的值.举例介绍如下:
In the mathematics competition papers, one such problem frequently occurs: Find the natural number n such that the value of a quadratic polynomial n2 + an + b for n is a perfect square (where a and b are constants). The general method to solve this kind of problem is to set parameters, formula, factorize the polynomial and decompose the constant into the form of integer product. Then construct the equations and find the natural number and set The value of the parameter is as follows: