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陆地棉品种86-1 G.hirsutum L.×辣根棉C.armourianum Kearn.F_1染色体2n=3x=39,平均染色体构型为14.051+12.45Ⅱ+0.01Ⅲ。F_1直接与陆地棉回交,得到的BC_1F_1是一株混倍体(mixploid),其染色体为54—67个,其中2n=65的整倍体(euploid)只占15.7％,非整倍体(aneuploid)占82.8％,平均2n=61,平均染色体构型为7.741+25.83Ⅱ+0.45Ⅲ+0.06Ⅳ+0V+0.01Ⅵ。又以BC_1F_1为母本,与陆地棉二次回交,BC_2F_1苗期夭折;而以陆地棉为母本、BC_1F_1为父本回交的BC_2F_1生长健壮,有些辣根棉性状继续传递。通过多年选育已获得一些结铃性强、中长绒纤维高品质、高衣分的新材料。
The chromosome 2n = 3x = 39 and the average chromosome configuration was 14.051 + 12.45Ⅱ + 0.01Ⅲ in G. hirsutum L. × C.armourianum Kearn.F_1. F_1 was backcrossed directly with upland cotton, BC_1F_1 obtained was a mixploid with chromosomes of 54-67, of which only 15.7% of euploid with 2n = 65, aneuploidy aneuploid accounted for 82.8% with an average of 2n = 61 and the average chromosome configuration was 7.741 + 25.83Ⅱ + 0.45Ⅲ + 0.06Ⅳ + 0V + 0.01Ⅵ. BC_1F_1 and BC_2F_1 were backcrossed again with BC_1F_1 as the female parent. BC_2F_1 with BC_1F_1 as the male parent backcrossed with G. hirsutum grown robustly, and some horseradish cotton characters continued to be transmitted. Through years of selection and breeding, we have obtained some new materials with high bellness, medium and long velvet fiber quality and high clothing points.