一、先秦时期公元前1800年前,在今新疆罗布泊地区孔雀河北岸的古墓沟生活着一群印欧人种地中海类型的古罗布泊居民,从他们的墓葬中出土了透闪石软玉质饰品(图一),为死者颈腕部装饰品。这可能是目前中国境内考古发现最早的和田玉玉器~([1])。汉文史籍早在先秦就已有大量关于和田产玉的记载,考古发掘和传世玉器也为我们提供了丰富的实物。中国境内早在新石器时代就形成了用玉的传统,人们就地取材,创造了红山、良渚玉器文 Pre-Qin Period Before 1800 BC, a group of Gypsy inhabitants of the Mediterranean type of Indo-European peoples lived in the ancient tomb trench on the north bank of the Peacock River in the Lop Nur region of Xinjiang, unearthed tremolite-jade ornaments from their tombs (Figure 1), for the deceased neck neck ornaments. This may be the earliest archaeological discovery in China and Hetian Jade jade ~ ([1]). As early as the early Qin dynasty, Chinese-language historical records had a great deal of records about jade and jade, and archeological excavations and handed down jade articles also provided us with rich real objects. As early as the Neolithic Age in China, a tradition of jade was formed. People used local materials to create the Red Mountains and Liangzhu jade articles