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目的分析浙江省衢州市2001 2014年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行病学特征变化与接种甲肝疫苗的关系,为全市防控工作提供依据。方法主要收集衢州市近24年间法定报告传染病疫情中甲肝疫情、接种率及血清学监测资料,运用流行病学方法进行分析。结果甲肝报告发病率持续下降,无周期性流行。2001 2014年甲肝年发病率在0.52/10万~6.99/10万之间,甲肝疫苗纳入免疫规划前后平均发病率分别为4.81/10万和1.08/10万,差异有统计学意义。纳入免疫规划前,季节分布明显,发病高峰在3 5月和8月,纳入免疫规划后,季节分布不明显;以龙游县和江山市甲肝发病率较高,衢江区最低。职业以农民为主,占68.94%;发病年龄以30~49岁青壮年为主,占43.24%;男性高于女性,男女性别比为2.49∶1。结论衢州市甲肝报告发病率持续下降,周期性消失,加强以甲肝疫苗接种为主的综合防控措施能有效降低甲肝发病率。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the epidemiological changes of hepatitis A virus and hepatitis A vaccine in Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2014, and provide basis for the prevention and control work in this city. Methods The data of hepatitis A epidemic, vaccination rate and serological surveillance in the statutory reporting of infectious diseases in Quzhou during the past 24 years were collected and analyzed by epidemiological methods. Results The incidence of hepatitis A continued to decline, no cyclical epidemic. The incidence of hepatitis A in 2001 was between 0.52 / 100,000 and 6.99 / 100,000. The average incidence of hepatitis A vaccine before and after the immunization program was 4.81 / lakh and 1.08 / lakh respectively, with statistical significance. Before inclusion in the immunization program, the seasonal distribution was obvious. The peak incidence peak was in March and August. After the immunization program was included, the seasonal distribution was not obvious. The incidence of hepatitis A in Longyou County and Jiangshan City was higher, while that in Qujiang District was the lowest. Occupation of peasants, accounting for 68.94%; age of onset to 30 to 49 years of young and middle-aged, accounting for 43.24%; men than women, male to female ratio was 2.49: 1. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis A in Quzhou continued to decrease and disappear periodically. Strengthening the comprehensive prevention and control measures based on hepatitis A vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of hepatitis A.