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法律关于代位权制度的规定,突破了传统的诉权理论和债的相对性理论,使债权人可以向没有直接利害关系的次债务人提起代位诉讼。代位权制度保障了债权人的债权,但牺牲了债务人和次债务人一定的利益,因而该制度的创立表面上是债权人、债务人与次债务人三者间权利义务关系的博弈,其背后实质是自由与公平、秩序等法律价值的平衡。现存的代位权制度在权利客体、行使期限以及诉讼程序设计上都存在一定不足,而解决的途径也必须以其内在的价值平衡为指导。
The law stipulates that the system of subrogation breaks through the traditional theory of right suits and the theory of relativity of debts so that creditors can bring subrogation proceedings to subordinated debtors that have no direct interest. The system of subrogation guarantees the creditor’s rights, but at the expense of the debtor and the sub-debtor. Therefore, the establishment of this system is ostensibly a game between the rights and obligations of creditors, debtors and sub-debtors. The essence of the system is freedom and fairness , Order and other legal value of the balance. The existing subrogation system has some deficiencies in the object of right, the term of exercise and the design of litigation procedure, and the solution must also be guided by the balance of its intrinsic value.