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发育于花岗岩出露区崩岗岩土受干湿效应影响显著,导致崩壁坍塌和工程设施受损。通过崩解和快速固结试验,采用6种干湿水平研究干湿路径、固结压力对崩壁岩土相对变形率的影响。结果显示,脱湿过程中裂隙性是影响相对变形率主要因素,而在增湿过程中基质吸力、崩解性、土壤质地则共同决定了不同压力下相对变形率高低。当超过平均先期固结压力103.06 kPa后,相对变形率随固结压力增加而增大;压缩系数与初始含水率呈指数递增关系,初始含水率超过25%后压缩系数剧增;红土层①的压缩系数变化幅度最广(0.15~0.62 MPa-1),均值最大(0.31 MPa-1)。从干湿效应导致的不均匀沉降角度揭示了崩壁崩坍机制,并讨论了崩岗区水保工程和监测设施不均匀沉降防治原则。其结论可为崩岗防治,工程设施维护提供一定科学依据。
The granite outcropping area is affected by the wet-dry effect of the collapsed rock and soil, leading to collapse of the collapsing wall and damaged engineering facilities. By means of disintegration and rapid consolidation tests, six kinds of wetting and drying levels were used to study the influence of the wetting and drying path and the consolidation pressure on the relative deformation rate of the collapsed rock and soil. The results show that the fissure of dehumidification process is the main factor affecting the relative deformation rate, while in the process of humidification, the matrix suction, disintegration and soil texture jointly determine the relative deformation rate under different pressures. When the average pre-consolidation pressure is above 103.06 kPa, the relative deformation rate increases with the consolidation pressure. The compressibility coefficient and the initial water content show an exponential increasing relationship. The compressibility coefficient increases sharply when the initial water content exceeds 25% Compression coefficient changes the most widely (0.15 ~ 0.62 MPa-1), the largest average (0.31 MPa-1). From the perspective of uneven settlement caused by the wetting and drying effect, the collapsing collapse mechanism is revealed, and the principles of prevention and control of non-uniform settlement of soil and water conservation projects and monitoring facilities are discussed. The conclusion may provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of collapse and the maintenance of engineering facilities.