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所谓估算,实质上是一种快速的近似计算,它的基本特点是对数值作适当扩大或缩小,从而对运算结果确定一个范围,或做出一个估计．本质地看估算,它应该是一种数学意识,是在众多的信息面前,注重挖掘一批有用或关键信息的那种数学素养．一般地,估算有如下切入点:①用近似值估算;②数形结合估算;③思维直觉估算;④极端情形估算等．下面结合近年的高考试题进行说明．
The so-called estimation is essentially a fast approximate calculation. Its basic characteristic is to appropriately expand or reduce the numerical value, thus determining a range or calculating an estimate for the calculation result. In essence, it is estimated that it should be a kind of mathematical consciousness. It is the kind of mathematical literacy that focuses on excavating a group of useful or critical information in the face of numerous information. In general, the estimation has the following entry points: 1 estimation using approximate values; 2 combination of number and shape estimation; 3 intuitive thinking estimation; 4 extreme case estimation, etc. The following combination of recent high exam questions to explain.